An extensive literature highlights the historical and cultural evolution of the concept, which assumed different shades of meaning over time. Over the years, much attention has been directed at the nature of resilience and how to best assess it. Resilience: Historical and Cultural Development of the Concept The conceptual clarification proposed will contribute to improving the accuracy of research on this topic by suggesting future paths of investigation aimed at deeply exploring the issues surrounding the promotion of resilience resources.ġ.1. It constitutes a transversal attitude that can be understood as the ability to overcome the difficulties experienced in the different areas of one’s life with perseverance, as well as good awareness of oneself and one’s own internal coherence by activating a personal growth project. Conclusions: We propose a definition of psychological resilience as the ability to maintain the persistence of one’s orientation towards existential purposes. They serve as a preliminary and necessary step toward a conceptual clarification of the construct. Results: The review identifies five macro-categories that summarize what has been reported in the recent literature concerning the resilience phenomenon. Scientific studies written in English between 2002 and May 2019 were included according to the following key terms: ‘Psychological’, ‘resilience’, and ‘definition’. Materials and methods: A literature review was performed using the electronic databases ‘PubMed’ and ‘PsycINFO’. The aim of this review is to identify shared elements in defining the construct of resilience across the literature examined in order to move toward a conceptual unification of the term. This negatively affects comparisons among research results and makes objective measurement difficult. Although many definitions have been proposed in several contexts, an essential understanding of the concept is still lacking up to now. Background and objectives: This paper addresses psychological resilience, a multidisciplinary theoretical construct with important practical implications for health sciences.
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